Zigong Lituo New Material Corp.,Ltd. is founded in 2006, located in China second largest cemented carbide distributing center -- Zigong, where is known as" age-old salt city, southern city of lights and dinosaur town".
We are committed to:leading technology, promoting quality, improving equipment and innovating management. We gradually formed a standardized manufacturing advantages to ensure that the products have stable and high qualities.
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High quality
We gradually formed a standardized manufacturing advantages to ensure that the products have stable and high qualities.
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We offering a higher-quality product or service at an equivalent price. As a result we have a growing and loyal customer base.
Rich experience
Our company has many years of production work experience. The concept of customer-oriented and win-win cooperation makes the company more mature and stronger.
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What is Rotary Files?
A rotary file is also known as a rotary burr, end mill, or die grinder. It is a type of power tool that uses a rotating cutting head to shape or remove material. Rotary files are used in a variety of applications, including metalworking, woodworking, and plastic fabrication.
Benefits of Rotary Files
It can process cast iron, cast steel, stainless steel, copper, aluminum and other metals and non-metals such as marble and jade.
The processing quality is good, the finish is high, and various high-precision shape mold cavities can be processed.
Basically, it can replace the small grinding wheel with handle, and there is no dust pollution.
The operation method is very simple, safe and reliable.
The processing efficiency is high, which can be increased by dozens of times compared with manual files, and can be improved by about ten times compared with small grinding wheels with handles, so its use efficiency is relatively high, and it can reduce the comprehensive processing cost by dozens of times.
The service life is relatively long, and the durability is ten times higher than that of high-speed steel cutters.
Types of Rotary Files
Ni-Ti (Nickel-Titanium) rotary files
These files are the most common type used in dentistry due to their flexibility and resistance to fracture. They come in various shapes and sizes to accommodate different canal anatomies.
Stainless steel rotary files
While less flexible than Ni-Ti files, stainless steel rotary files are more robust and can be used in cases where extreme flexibility is not necessary.
Heat-treated rotary files
These files undergo a heat treatment process to enhance their cutting efficiency and durability.
Application of Rotary Files
Flattening the surface
The rotary file can be used to flatten the surface to make it smoother and smoother, and is suitable for the surface treatment of various materials.
Manufacturing patterns
Various patterns and patterns can be carved on the surface of the material by rotating the head of the file of different shapes, which is often used in woodworking and metal crafting.
Adjust the size
The use of the rotary file can make fine size adjustment of metal, plastic, wood and other materials, which is suitable for all kinds of machining and handmade.
Deburring
During the processing of materials, some burrs are often left behind, and these burrs can be trimmed off with a rotary file to make the surface smoother.
Tip size
The tips size is the diameter of the tip of a file, which is in 100ths of a millimeter. Sometimes the instruments are named in a system according to what their tip sizes are numbered. The sizes range from 10–100.
Taper
The taper of a file refers to the gradual increase in diameter along its working surface. Nickel titanium rotary files usually have a higher taper compared to the taper of standard traditional hand files which is 0.02 mm/mm (ISO taper of endodontic files, taper 0.02 mm/mm indicates 20 microns increase in diameter for every 1 mm gain in the length of a file). Their taper commonly ranges from 0.02 to 0.12 mm/mm. Different systems are sometimes classified according to their taper which can be constant or variable.
Flutes
Flutes are the grooves on the working side of the files which can be produced either by twisting or grinding a wire. Flutes provide cutting edges and also space for debris collection. Therefore, their presence turns a wire into a shaping instrument which both cuts the tooth structure and acts as an auger. The depth, width, number, arrangement and the direction of the flutes play an important role on the behavior of a file.
Helix angle
Helix angle is an angle between the cutting edge and the long access of a file. Helix angle plays an important role in debris collection and it also determines the direction of rotation. Helix angle can be constant or accelerating (changes along the length of a file). Accelerating helix angles decreases the screw in effect when most of the working surface of a file is engaged and it can decrease the torsion stress on a file.
Measuring stop
Measuring stop is a piece of rubber that an operator can use to mark certain desired length on a file while using it. Measuring stops are referred to as stoppers and they can also be color coded corresponding to the size and number of a file.
Radial land
The radial land is the peripheral portion of a rotary instrument that is flat and smooth designed to center the instrument in the central space.
Pitch
The distance between a point on the leading edge and corresponding point on the adjacent edge. The shorter the pitch, the more spirals, the greater the helix angle. Having variable pitch decrease the screwing effect.
Process of Rotary Files
First of all, the making of a rotary file begins with the choice of raw materials. Common raw materials include high-speed steel and cemented carbide. These materials have high hardness, high wear resistance, and good toughness, making them ideal for making rotary files.
Next is the design of the cutting teeth of the file. The cutting teeth of the file need to be designed according to different machining needs. Generally, the cutting teeth of a file are divided into two types: single and double edge. Single-edge cutting teeth are suitable for roughing, while double-edge cutting teeth are suitable for fine machining. There are also many shapes of cutting teeth, such as square, round, triangular, etc., each shape has its own characteristics and application range.
After the design of the cutting teeth, the next step is the forming of the file. First, the raw material is cut to the appropriate length and then heat treated. Heat treatment can improve the hardness and wear resistance of the material, making it more suitable as a file for rotary files. After that, the file is formed on a dedicated machine. This step relies on the skill and experience of the workers to machine the shape and size of the file with the cutting tools on the machine.
Once the file is formed, it needs to be finely sanded. Grinding improves the finish and cutting effect of the file. Usually, grinding is done by placing the file on a special grinding wheel and rotating it, slowly grinding away burrs and uneven parts of the file surface. After many times of grinding and inspection, it is ensured that the quality of the file meets the standard requirements.
The final step is the heat treatment of the file. Through heating and quenching, the hardness and wear resistance of the file can be further improved, ensuring that it is not easy to deform and wear during use.
How to Maintain Rotary Files
Keep files locked into the endomotor
You can lock your rotary files into the endomotor to prevent any chair side accidents. During the root canal treatment, the tools experience a significant amount of stress. When these are properly locked, the files are driven by a motor with constant torque and speed. This is helpful in distributing the force uniformly, thereby reducing the possibility of excessive stress on the rotary files. Also, if you keep files safely, there are fewer chances of their accidental dropping.
Clean rotary files properly
It is advisable to clean the files effectively. If you remove debris and other organic material from the rotary files frequently, there can be the prevention of corrosion. The likelihood of breakage or malfunction can be reduced.
If you do not clean the tool and debris gets accumulated, cutting efficiency can be minimized. With regular cleaning, the files remain sharp and functional, thereby helping you provide effective treatments.
Efficient sterilization process
If you wish to enhance the durability of your rotary files, you can follow the proper sterilization process. It is helpful in the following ways:-
A: Sterilization reduces microorganisms that can be present on the surface of the rotary files. This helps in reducing the possibility of corrosion and also prevents chances of reinfection in patients while using the files.
B: Keep the tools protected from any physical damage or deformation.
Ten Ways to Prevent Separation of Rotary Files
Understanding torque and cyclic fatigue
The most common factors that can result in file separation are excessive force (torque) and the build-up of cyclic fatigue (metal fatigue). Torque is a result of a twisting motion, similar to twisting a pencil in opposite directions. We actually can see excessive torque as an unwinding of a rotary file. Naturally, when we see this, we immediately discard the instrument. Cyclic fatigue, on the other hand, cannot be seen. It is, in fact, insidious. It is a result of a repetitive bending motion, similar to bending a clothes hanger. Cyclic fatigue accumulates to a point where the next bend will separate the instrument. The only way to monitor cyclic fatigue is to discard an instrument after it has been used in a troublesome canal or tooth.
It has been our experience that rotary files that separate in the apical 1 to 3 mm are usually the result of excessive torque. Files that separate higher up on the shank, such as 5 to 6 mm are the result of cyclic fatigue. Additionally, those separations that are immediate or involve large sizes such as a # 35 / .06 taper file are generally a result of accumulated cyclic fatigue.
Landed vs. nonlanded rotary files
The current selections of rotary files are, by design, either landed or nonlanded instruments. Each has its own benefits and limitations when it comes to separation.
Landed rotary files, by definition, rub against the inside of the canal wall and increase lateral resistance. The result is a significant increase in the amount of torque required to spin the file effectively. Nonlanded rotary files, on the other hand, have less torque requirements than landed files and are more efficient in cutting and shaping a preparation. However, rotary files without lands do have a thinner diameter and are somewhat more prone to cyclic fatigue.
So what's the solution? Every clinician must know the risks and benefits of whatever rotary file system he or she employs. It also depends upon how one uses the instruments. For example, if you perform a minimal number of endodontic procedures and want to use the files multiple times, perhaps you should think about using a thicker landed file run at a slow RPM.
But, if you do a lot of endo, and are into precision-based endodontics (synchronicity) and efficiency, then a nonlanded file is most likely best for your situation. The proof of this is a study recently completed in Japan.
High RPM vs. low RPM
As a result of the introduction of nonlanded files, we are now seeing rotary files run at a higher RPM. Multiple systems call for a speed of 500 to 600 RPM, but will this increase in speed result in increased separation? Not if you know the implications for an increased rate of speed.
A higher RPM will allow the file to work more effectively and will give the clinician greater tactile awareness. This is why we do crown preparations with high-speed turbines. The only limitation in using nonlanded files at a higher RPM is the increase in speed decreases the cycles to failure, meaning you can't use the files as often. This is really no problem because we should all get into the habit of single-use, especially after molar endodontics. Moreover, when running a nonlanded file at a greater RPM, you have gained a dramatic increase in tactile awareness as a result of the increased speed.
Always keep a file moving
When a developer of a rotary file system receives the initial prototypes, one of the first tests performed is to see how you can break it. All rotary files can be separated if used improperly. One of the easiest ways to break a file is to take it around a curve and hold it in the same place (no vertical movement). Cyclic fatigue rapidly accumulates in the instrument and it will eventually break. This is especially true for greater taper files in large sizes, such as a 35 / .06. Therefore, always keep a rotary file moving as this distributes the stress throughout the length of the instrument. You will find yourself having a lot less "separation incidents."
Torque control engines
Many manufacturers now produce excellent torque control engines and these units can help reduce those separations that are principally caused by excessive torque. This is especially true during the early stages of rotary file experience. However, torque control engines are not a substitute for proper technique. They act simply as a safety cushion in case the operator gets heavy-handed and leans too much on the file. In fact, separation actually increased when torque control engines were initially introduced, simply because they were not being used correctly. When used correctly, torque control engines can be an additional plus, but they do not eliminate all concerns about separation. Remember, there is no such thing as a cyclic fatigue control engine.
Single-use
The easiest and best way to prevent separation of rotary files is to use them one time, then discard. This concept has finally taken hold in the endodontic community. As a result of the dramatic increase in efficiency (and production) the new generation files have created, it makes little sense to use the files multiple times. There is no excuse for having a file separate because you used it too many times. Some clinicians will discard files after one molar case, but will reuse them after anterior and premolar procedures. The rationale behind this is that, as a result of the lack of curvature associated with these teeth, minimal cyclic fatigue is generated during the procedure. This is OK, but not ideal.
Files should be well lubricated
This is kind of a no-brainer - never run a rotary file dry. Always use a lubricant with your rotary file because a file without lubrication requires six to seven times more torque.
Any of the standard dental lubricants work well and are especially helpful at the beginning of the procedure. As you get further into the procedure, the sodium hypochlorite itself will act as a lubricant, not merely as an irrigation agent.
Never force a file
Rotary instrumentation is light-handed dentistry. Never force a file; doing so will subject the instrument to excess stress. There are multiple ways to handle the situation where the file no longer progresses easily down the canal. The first option is to go to the next smaller size instrument. This is often the case when instrumenting around curvatures. Another choice would be to recapitulate and repeat the sequence. One can also go to a smaller taper. If the .06 taper is "hung up," one can always slide over to a .04 taper instrument. Also, remember that a hand file can be used to create a glide path that will facilitate the use of subsequent rotary files.
Sensible operatory management
The assistant must monitor the treatment room and cabinets in an orderly fashion. Disorganization in endodontics will drive everyone crazy. It's like mixing up pin systems! Make certain that there is an order to the presentation and storage of both instruments and materials. Inventory control is paramount to sensible, efficient endodontics.
Also, just as you do in prosthodontics, please use your assistant effectively in endodontics. The assistant needs to visually check each instrument and wipe it off at the end of each sequence of use. Any unwound instruments need to be immediately discarded. Furthermore, the assistant should pass the instrument to the doctor through the beam of the dental unit light. Passing the instrument in such a manner will help prevent separation because any previously missed unwinding of an instrument will deflect light in such a way that it immediately becomes apparent. When utilized properly, the assistant can be a huge help in preventing separation.
Difficult anatomy
The most common cause of separation is difficult anatomy that creates excessive torque or a dramatic increase in cyclic fatigue. This is particularly noteworthy in the case where two canals merge into one common canal. It is absolutely critical to take radiographs and fully evaluate them before beginning an endodontic procedure. Clinicians need to trace the ligaments around the tooth as this will provide a good indication of the tooth's anatomy. In addition to merging canals, the clinician must be alert for short radius curves. Short radius curvatures stress a rotary file far more than banana-shaped canals in maxillary molars.
How to Prepare Quality Canal with Rotary Files
Access preparatio
Poor access will promote procedural errors. While generally important in root canal preparation, adequate access is crucial for the use of NiTi rotaries. Always attempt to create straightline access into the coronal or middle root canal third prior to rotary use. 2. Don't Force Files-NiTi rotaries require a passive technique. If resistance is encountered, don't force the file! Stop immediately, and before continuing, increase the coronal taper and recapitulate using small stainless-steel hand files. 3. Difficult Canal Anatomy-canals representing difficult anatomy should be detected, analyzed and carefully instrumented with hand files prior to introduction of rotaries. 4. Don't Overuse Files-"Once only" is the safest number, but the actual stress accumulating in the file depends upon the case. Although there are several files which can be used multiple times. For example Healix Conmem Gold files can be used easily in 15-18 canals. Therefore files may be used for more than one canal, but may have to be replaced during shaping of one particularly difficult canal. Inspect instruments frequently and discard any bent rotaries. 5. Avoiding Breakage Takes Practice-rotary breakage occurs more often during the initial stages of the learning curve. The clinician changing from stainless steel to nickel titanium should take continuing education courses with experienced clinicians and educators, followed by extensive in vitro practice on plastic blocks and extracted teeth. 6. Don't Try to Bypass Ledges-confirmation or creation of a pathway with straight K-files is required prior to the use of any NiTi rotary.
Avoid cutting with the entire length of file
The more file engaged in the root canal, the higher potential for instrument fracture. This total or frictional fit of the file in the canal will cause taper lock and fracture. Remember that an unnoticed and broken rotary can cause serious procedural errors.
Don't start and stop
Sudden changes in the direction of a rotary caused by the operator must be avoided. A smooth gentle reaming motion is most efficient; rotaries should be inserted and withdrawn from a canal while rotating.
Length control is critical
Working length should be well established and controlled, as should the actual length of the file. The importance of adequate, straight-line access to the root canals cannot be overstated. Access into the root canal system needs to provide a direct pathway into the orifices without weakening the remaining tooth structure. Coronal flaring facilitates direct access into the middle root canal third and promotes access of irrigants. Rotary files have noncutting tips; they should be advanced only into an explored and open canal section. Therefore it is recommended a glide path be created with stainless steel K-files, sizes 10, 15 and possibly 20 to the depth that a subsequent rotary should go. As soon as this glide path is secured, NiTi rotaries are used in a "crown down" rather than in a "step-back" fashion. In other words, rotaries are used from large to small sizes or tapers moving coronally to apically. Any one file is advanced until a certain resistance is met and then withdrawn. The next smaller rotary can then be advanced further; that way the canal is sequentially prepared. The apical canal portion is first explored with small K-files and prepared up to a size #20 to working length, using a watch-winding or a Balanced Force motion. This procedure is important as it secures an open glide path (10), allowing a subsequent NiTi rotary to predictably reach working length. The guidelines mentioned above may need to be modified to accommodate particular canal types. Canals that abruptly curve or merge cannot easily be prepared with NiTi rotaries. The extent and position of any curvature determines the strain and fatigue a rotary is subjected to; a more coronally located and/or more acute curvature precludes a file of larger taper and/or larger tip diameter to safely operate at working length. Also, merging points and ribbon-shaped canal areas can lead to deflection of a file tip into an unexplored canal area and subsequent file fracture. An astute clinician needs to consider those situations carefully before entering a canal with a rotary file.
Our Factory
Founded in 2006, Zigong Lituo New Material Corp.,Ltd is located in the Chinese famous tungsten carbide products base city-Zigong. We are one of the biggest manufacturers of tungsten carbide sleeve and carbide insert snow plow blade in China.
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